Life history traits refer to a set of characteristics and behaviors exhibited by organisms that can affect their survival, reproduction, and overall fitness. These traits include features such as reproductive rate, age at first reproduction, size and number of offspring, lifespan, and investment in parental care. Life history traits are shaped by a variety of factors, including environmental conditions, resource availability, and evolutionary pressures. Studying life history traits can provide insight into the strategies that organisms have evolved to maximize their reproductive success and adapt to their specific ecological niches.